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Tomus

Interval reference

Major second

2 letter names · 2 semitones · C → D

A major second spans 2 letter names and 2 semitones. Both halves of that description matter: the number comes from the letters, the quality from the exact size.

Starting on C, a major second reaches D. Its shorthand is M2, and traditionally it counts as dissonance.

How big it is

2 semitonesCD0123456789101112
C up to D is 2 semitones. Count the keys, black and white alike.
CCDDEFGABCDE
C and D on the keyboard.
𝄞CD
C up to D written on the treble stave.

Turned upside down

Move the lower note up an octave and a major second becomes a minor seventh. The two numbers add up to nine, and the quality flips — major with minor, augmented with diminished, while perfect stays perfect.

Where you meet it

  • Consecutive steps of a major scale
  • The gap in a sus2 chord

From every starting note

FromUp a major second
CD
C♯D♯
DE
D♯E♯
EF♯
FG
F♯G♯
GA
G♯A♯
AB
A♯B♯
BC♯
A dash means the strict spelling would need a triple accidental, which real music avoids by respelling the starting note.

Related

All intervals within an octave